Find the air leak, not just the stain
Attic bypasses around recessed lights, the access hatch, plumbing penetrations and the top of interior walls are where the moist air gets in. Sealing them is usually the most useful part of the job.
Dark staining on the underside of a roof deck is almost always a moisture and ventilation problem, not a roof leak. An independent provider should find where warm indoor air is getting up there and scope the cleanup around that.
The pattern here is seasonal. Warm, moist indoor air rises through gaps around light fixtures, hatches and top plates, hits sheathing that is far below freezing under a foot of snow, and freezes. During a warm spell it thaws, wets the wood and feeds growth, which is why attic staining is often found in late winter.

Cleaning the sheathing without fixing the air path just resets the clock for next winter, so the scope covers both.
Attic bypasses around recessed lights, the access hatch, plumbing penetrations and the top of interior walls are where the moist air gets in. Sealing them is usually the most useful part of the job.
Soffit vents packed with insulation, a blocked ridge vent or a bath fan discharging into the attic all trap moisture under the roof. Those get identified in the report even when someone else does the correction.
Work is done from inside a contained space with filtered air, affected insulation is bagged and removed where needed, and the wood is cleaned rather than painted over. Sealing stained wood without cleaning hides it only.
Ice dams matter here too. Heat escaping into the attic melts the underside of the snow pack, the water refreezes at the cold eave, and the backed-up melt finds its way under the shingles and into the ceiling below. The cure is the same as for attic mold: stop the heat and moisture getting up there.
If the staining reaches the rooms below, read mold after water damage. A bath fan that terminates in the attic is covered on our bathroom and kitchen mold page.
Our guide to preventing mold in a dry climate explains the winter humidity side, and inspection is where most attic work starts. Homes at higher elevation, such as Woodland Park, see this pattern most.
Because the water came from inside. Warm household air carrying moisture leaks into a cold attic, condenses or freezes on the sheathing and then wets it during a thaw. An independent provider should look for that air path before assuming a roof problem.
Only where it is wet, matted or contaminated. Dry insulation away from the affected area normally stays, which keeps the scope and the disruption down.
Not by itself. Sheathing that is still sound is cleaned and dried. Replacement becomes part of the conversation only when the wood has lost strength, which the inspection would document.
Yes, and winter is often when it is noticed. Cold weather can actually make the air leaks easier to find, though access and safe roof conditions still set the schedule.
Call and describe what you are seeing and where the water came from to reach an independent provider.